Determinants of Environmental Degradation in Bangladesh: A Dynamic ARDL Framework
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22452/IJIE.vol17no4.2Keywords:
CO2 emission, Tourism, Energy consumption, Urbanisation, ARDL bounds testAbstract
Bangladesh, as an emerging developing country, has been using energy
intensively in various industrial and socioeconomic sectors without much consideration
of environmental sustainability. Therefore, this research aims to explain the impact of
tourism, urbanisation, and energy consumption on carbon dioxide emissions, used here
as an indicator variable of environmental degradation. A dynamic time series analysis is
applied in this study by considering yearly data from Bangladesh over the period of 1995
to 2019. After confirming the stationary status of the study variables, an autoregressive
distributed lag (ADRL) bounds test is applied, which reveals the long-run association
among the variables. Then, following the dynamic ARDL framework, the effects of
targeted variables were fixed in short and long-run periods. The findings reveal that all
variables are significant positive drivers of environmental pollution over the long run,
save for energy consumption. Moreover, the short-run results indicate that tourism and
energy consumption are both active contributors to pollution. The empirical findings
of this study will help policymakers to develop a sustainable urbanisation and tourism
expansion policy to minimise pollution levels. Finally, this study also supports reducing
carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the sectors targeting SDG 13, Climate Action by
2030.
Downloads
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described is original, has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis); that is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities at the institution where the work was carried out. Transfer of copyright to the University of Malaya becomes effective if and when the article is accepted for publication. The copyright covers the exclusive right to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, translations, photographic reproductions, microform, electronic form (offline and online) or other reproductions of similar nature.
An author may self-archive the English language version of his/her article on his/her own website and his/her institutions repository; however he/she may not use the publishers PDF version which is posted on www.ijie.um.edu.my. Furthermore, the author may only post his/her version, provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link must be accompanied by the following text: The original publication is available at www.ijie.um.edu.my.
All articles published in this journal are protected by copyright, which covers the exclusive rights to reproduce and redistribute the article (e.g. as offprint), as well as all translation rights. No material published in this journal may be reproduced photographically or stored on microfilm, in electronic database, video disks, etc., without first obtaining written permission from the publishers. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, etc., in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations.
The copyright owners consent does not include copying for general distribution, promotion, new works, or resale. In these cases, specific written permission must first be obtained from the publishers.
