Economic Growth and Disparity Issues in Income and Education: A Causal Enquiry on ASEAN Countries
Main Article Content
Abstract
Using alternative method to the standard Granger causality approach, this paper intends to shed light on causality relationships which have not been explored before, as well as provide rigour to some pre-established causal linkages. In particular, this paper lends empirical insight to the literature by examining causal linkages among economic growth, income inequality and education inequality. Data for several ASEAN countries are analysed using Toda-Yamamoto Granger Causality test. Several lag specifications were considered and the appropriate model was selected based on various diagnostic measures. The results revealed a unidirectional causality from income inequality to economic growth. Test procedures failed to find any evidence of causality between economic growth and education inequality as well as between education inequality and income inequality despite various empirical findings in other studies suggesting some form of connection among the variables.
Downloads
Article Details
Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described is original, has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis); that is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities at the institution where the work was carried out. Transfer of copyright to the University of Malaya becomes effective if and when the article is accepted for publication. The copyright covers the exclusive right to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, translations, photographic reproductions, microform, electronic form (offline and online) or other reproductions of similar nature.
An author may self-archive the English language version of his/her article on his/her own website and his/her institutions repository; however he/she may not use the publishers PDF version which is posted on www.ijie.um.edu.my. Furthermore, the author may only post his/her version, provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link must be accompanied by the following text: The original publication is available at www.ijie.um.edu.my.
All articles published in this journal are protected by copyright, which covers the exclusive rights to reproduce and redistribute the article (e.g. as offprint), as well as all translation rights. No material published in this journal may be reproduced photographically or stored on microfilm, in electronic database, video disks, etc., without first obtaining written permission from the publishers. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, etc., in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations.
The copyright owners consent does not include copying for general distribution, promotion, new works, or resale. In these cases, specific written permission must first be obtained from the publishers.