A Novel of Green Synthesis Silver Nanoparticles Using Kecemcem Leaves (Spondias pinnata (L.F) Kurz.) Extract for Tetracycline Biosensor

Authors

  • Gusti Ayu Dewi Lestari Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, 80224, Bali, INDONESIA. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0359-0459
  • Ni Luh Ayu Arsita Dewi Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, 80224, Bali, INDONESIA.
  • Ni Ketut Esati Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, 80224, Bali, INDONESIA.
  • Iryanti Eka Suprihatin Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Bandung, INDONESIA.
  • Prastika Krisma Jiwanti Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2730-0786
  • Laurencia Gabrielle Sutanto Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22452/

Keywords:

biosensors, green synthesis, kecemcem leaves, silver nanoparticles, tetracyclines

Abstract

Tetracycline is one of antibiotics that widely used inappropriately in livestock. The long-term use of tetracycline may cause bacterial resistance. Biosensor can be applied as one of the detection methods for antibiotics in livestock. Development of biosensor materials can be obtained by nanoparticles formation through a synthesis process. Kecemcem leaves are materials that can be used to synthesize silver nanoparticles. This study aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles using kecemcem leaves (Spondias pinnata (L.f) Kurz.) and its application as tetracycline biosensor. Aqueous extract of kecemcem leaves and 1 mM AgNO3 solution were combined in a 1:10 (v/v) ratio to create silver nanoparticles. The biosensor capability of silver nanoparticles was evaluated against tetracyclines after they were characterized using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscope-EDS, transmision electron microscope, and FTIR spectrophotometer. The maximum wavelength of the AgNPs scanning results on the UV-Vis spectrophotometer was in the 405 nm region. The results of characterization on TEM, SEM-EDS and PSA morphology of the formed AgNPs were spherical, the smallest particle size was 26.886 nm on average. In the characterization using FTIR there were found hydroxyl groups in AgNPs. The resulting nanoparticles could act as tetracycline biosensors, as evidenced by the shift in wavelength when AgNPs interacted with tetracycline. Detection of tetracycline was established based on the SPR technique. The brownish red color of the AgNPs solution turned to clear slightly reddish in the presence of tetracycline, accompanying the decrease in intensity of SPR band. Based on the method validation carried out, the linearity value was obtained in the form of r value of 0.983, LOD value of 0.879 ppm, and LOQ of 2.93 ppm, while a precision value of 3.356%, and an accuracy of 82.58%.

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Published

30-06-2026

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Vol 45 No 2 (2026): June 2026

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Original Articles

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