Institutions and Economies https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie <div align="justify"> <p>Institutions and Economies is a peer reviewed journal published by the Faculty of Business and Economics (formerly Faculty of Economics and Administration), University of Malaya. The journal is published four times a year, in January, April, July and October. The journal publishes research articles and book reviews. Only original articles that are not under consideration by other publishers are welcome. Special issues are also welcome but interested special issue editors must submit a proposal to the Editor-In-Chief for consideration. The journal is indexed in SCOPUS, IDEAS, MYCite, ECONPapers, ASEAN Citation Index (ACI), EBSCO and Asian Digital Library. Institutions and Economies is a recipient of the CREAM Award 2016 by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia.</p> <p>Print ISSN: 2232 - 1640<br />E - ISSN: 2232 - 1349 </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Peer Review Statement </strong></p> <p><strong><em>All research articles in the journal have undergone rigorous peer review. The process consists of an initial screening by the</em> <em>Editor-In-Chief, Deputy Editor and</em><em> Associate Editors, followed by double-blind refereeing: two reviewers for articles. Articles in special issues go through double-blind refereeing and one internal review by the Editorial Board. </em></strong></p> <p><strong><br />IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT</strong></p> <p>Beginning <strong>1st March 2021</strong>, <strong>there will be no submission fee for this journal. </strong> There will be a <strong>publication fee of USD100/- per article</strong> to partially cover the expenses of copy editing of accepted manuscripts. <strong>Payment of the publication fee should only be made after acceptance of a manuscript.</strong> The detailed information of the payment process can be seen <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CPooLEtB_tNkFSLKN7uhPxJIu6aHqd_1/view?usp=sharing">here</a>. Payment of the publication fee can be done at this <a href="https://epay.um.edu.my/">website</a>.</p> <p> </p> </div> <div class="SnapLinksContainer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; display: none;"> <div class="SL_SelectionRect"> <div class="SL_SelectionLabel" style="right: 2px; bottom: 2px;">0 Links</div> </div> <!-- Used for easily cloning the properly namespaced rect --></div> <div class="SnapLinksContainer" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; display: none;"> <div class="SL_SelectionRect"> </div> <!-- Used for easily cloning the properly namespaced rect --></div> en-US <p>Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described is original, has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis); that is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities at the institution where the work was carried out. Transfer of copyright to the University of Malaya becomes effective if and when the article is accepted for publication. The copyright covers the exclusive right to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, translations, photographic reproductions, microform, electronic form (offline and online) or other reproductions of similar nature.<br />An author may self-archive the English language version of his/her article on his/her own website and his/her institutions repository; however he/she may not use the publishers PDF version which is posted on www.ijie.um.edu.my. Furthermore, the author may only post his/her version, provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link must be accompanied by the following text: The original publication is available at www.ijie.um.edu.my.</p> <p>All articles published in this journal are protected by copyright, which covers the exclusive rights to reproduce and redistribute the article (e.g. as offprint), as well as all translation rights. No material published in this journal may be reproduced photographically or stored on microfilm, in electronic database, video disks, etc., without first obtaining written permission from the publishers. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, etc., in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations.</p> <p>The copyright owners consent does not include copying for general distribution, promotion, new works, or resale. In these cases, specific written permission must first be obtained from the publishers.</p> ijie@um.edu.my (Institutions and Economies) ijie@um.edu.my (Institutions and Economies) Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:28:54 +0800 OJS 3.3.0.6 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Absorptive Capacity and Technology Spillovers: A Quantile Regression Approach https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42782 <p>Employing a quantile regression estimator, the study presents new evidence on the role of human capital in exploiting the technology effects from foreign direct investment (FDI) in low-technology industries. A new model of human capital to capture the non-linearity of FDI effects according to employees’ educational qualifications was developed. This study examined whether workers’ absorptive capacity had different effects on FDI spillover at different points of conditional distribution. Although the study found that the ability of employees with degrees and diplomas to exploit foreign technology exceeds the median quantile, it also acknowledges the existence of both ‘over-skilled’ and ‘over-educated’ workers at a higher quantile of FDI distribution. As the problem of shortages and mismatch between skills and education for workers with degrees and diplomas still hinders firms from applying advanced technologies from FDI, this study proposes using the law to make firms work with universities. Firms could inform universities of the industry’s in-demand skills regularly and get involved in the development of the university curriculum to ensure that graduates are equipped with skills and knowledge that can be ‘transmitted’ to different industries.</p> Norhanishah Mohamad Yunus Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42782 Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0800 The Comparative Economics of Globalisation and Governance in Sub-Saharan Africa https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42783 <p>This study investigates the effect of globalisation on governance in 40 Sub-Saharan African countries for the period of 2000-2019, with particular emphasis on income levels (low income versus middle income), legal origins (English common law versus French civil law), landlockedness (landlocked versus unlandlocked), resource wealth (oil-rich versus oil-poor) and political stability (stable versus unstable). The empirical evidence is based on fixed effects regressions in order to control for the unobserved heterogeneity. Political, economic, social, and general globalisation variables are used, while three bundled governance indicators are also employed to assess five main hypotheses. From baseline findings, while all globalisation dynamics negatively affect political governance, only political and social globalisation dynamics have a negative incidence on economic governance. Social and general globalisation dynamics positively affect institutional governance. The hypotheses that higher income, English common law, unlandlocked, oil-poor, and politically-stable countries are associated with higher levels of globalisation-driven governance, are valid, invalid, and partially valid contingent on the globalisation and governance dynamics.</p> Simplice A. Asongu, Nicholas M. Odhiambo Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42783 Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0800 Skills Acquisition and Employability Among Arts and Social Sciences Interns in a Malaysian Public University https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42784 <p>Many Malaysian employers feel that university curricula inadequately prepare graduates for the realities of the job market. The present study attempts to rank skills acquisition among interns at a Malaysian public university and identify the gaps through skills gap and radar analyses. Respondents comprised students from an Arts and Social Sciences faculty in a Malaysian public university who had undergone internship as well as the employers who conducted trainings for them. Using a simple random sampling method, 164 students and 43 employers provided responses. The largest gap between employers’ expectations and interns’ performance is seen for ‘values, attitudes and professionalism’. Employers tend to emphasise ‘values, attitudes and professionalism’ as an essential skill for employability. Positive qualities, such as having good work habits and attitudes, are valuable assets that need to be inculcated. Another skill that requires improvement is ‘communication, leadership and team skills’, as poor communication skills can become a serious obstacle for employability. This study provides insights from a dual perspective analysis through the identification of gaps between actual and expected intern performance. This information will be a valuable guideline in redesigning university modules to meet the demands of potential employers.</p> Mythili Monogaran, Thirunaukarasu Subramaniam Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42784 Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0800 Youth and Political Participation: What Factors Influence Them? https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42785 <p>This study discusses the factors that could influence political participation among youth. The purpose of this study is to look at the impact of the main factors (such as the influence of social environment and mass media) on youth political participation. A total of 343 youths participated in this study, with a response rate of 90.5%. Findings from multiple linear regression demonstrate that the influence of social environment and the influence of mass media have a substantial influence on political participation. Studies on the influence of political participation among the youth, particularly in Malaysia, are vital yet scarce. Significantly, the findings of this study can provide insight to political parties on the importance of youth political participation. Finally, this study provides practical implications for youth political participation.</p> Mohammad Tawfik Yaakub, Nurul Liyana Mohd Kamil, Wan Noor Azreen Wan Mohamad Nordin Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42785 Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0800 Does Tourism Lead to Environmental Impact? Cross-National Static and Dynamic Evidence from the Ecological Footprint https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42786 <p>At present, public consciousness on respecting and safeguarding the environment is declining rapidly. On that note, this study assumes that growing tourism has negative environmental implications. To satisfy tourism demand, overconsumption, and overexploitation through the development of tourism-related facilities have generated waste that destroy ecosystem functions. Ecological footprint is used to study the environmental impact of tourism activities by including the role of governance in our model. The outcome reveals that the environment is significantly affected by tourism pressure and good governance is essential for environmental protection.</p> Nur Ameera A. Jaz, Muzafar Shah Habibullah, Wan Azman Saini Wan Ngah, Shivee Ranjanee Kaliappan Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42786 Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0800 Chip War: The Fight for the World’s Most Critical Technology https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42787 Nurulhuda Mohd Satar Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42787 Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0800 21st Century Economics: Economic Ideas You Should Read and Remember https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42788 Shafinah Rahim Copyright (c) 2023 https://ijie.um.edu.my/index.php/ijie/article/view/42788 Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0800